Computer Technology During The 70’s 80’s And 90’s Essay

Computer technology during the 70’s 80’s and 90’s Computer technology took a great leap in development during the 70’s when schools, businesses, and universities began to use computers. The 70’s would have to be the beginning of the technology of computers, as we know it today. The personal computer became big in the 80’s. Now computers are being updated daily, if not hourly. During the 70’s computers and computer use began to become known by everyone. This period was a time for development and improvement. The 70’s was where many things we use today were introduced; although what we have today is far more improved. This time wasn’t the beginning of all computers, but it was the beginning for many things, including the microprocessor, microcomputer, and the all so important, personal computer. In the early 70’s we already had some types of computers which were developed in previous years. They consisted of a hard drive a type of keyboard and mostly a very small screen. Moving into the 70’s we started developing more useful things like the floppy disk. This made it possible to store information onto a removable disk that could be transferred to other compatible computers. We also see the first microprocessor, which is a type of miniature electronic device that contains the arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry necessar y to perform the functions. Before it took large machines to hold this memory where now it can be programmed on a small chip. In this period we also see the first IBM laser printer and also the first IBM ink jet printer. Bill Gates and Paul Allen also introduce Microsoft during this time. A development during the late 70’s and maybe the most important development during this time was the personal computer, also known as the PC. The PC is a computer designed for use by only one person at a time. A personal computer is a type of microcomputer, or in other words, a small digital computer that uses only one microprocessor. The first PC consisted of a CPU (central processing unit), memory a keyboard and a display screen. A typical personal computer today consists of a CPU, memory, consisting of hard magnetic disks and a disk drive, a display screen , keyboard, mouse, modem, printer, and external memory, usually in the form of floppy disks or CD-ROMs (compact disc read-only memory). The IBM 5100 Portable Computer was IBM’s first attempt to build a personal  computer back in 1974. Weighing in at 50 pounds and costing around $10,000, the IBM 5100 had a built-in tape drive, a small CRT and the capability of running programs in either BASIC or APL (A Programming Language, created by IBM). The monitor could display 16 lines of 64 characters each, the memory could be expanded to 64K, and the tape drive used a 1/4 inch tape cartridge similar to an 8-track stereo tape that could store about 200 K of data. Although designed to be a small business computer, the high cost and lack of interfacing capability limited the acceptance of what could be called the first personal computer, the IBM 5100. The 1980’s were also an important time for computer technology. In this period we see many programs being introduced. The 70’s was the main time for computer technology, but the 80’s was the time for building onto what computing already was. During this time period computers started becoming more advanced, with more memory, faster loading time, and smaller devices, which hold even more memory. IBM, one of the largest computer companies during this time hired Microsoft to develop an operating system for their proposed personal computer. This is when Bill Gates and Microsoft develop Microsoft DOS (MS-DOS). Osborne hits big in 1980 with building the first portable computer â€Å"Osborne I.† Although they were going well for a while, in 1982 the Osborne Co. went out of business. The internet was first introduced in the mid 70’s, but it wasn’t the internet as we know today. There were very few hosts, nothing like today. The 80’s was the gateway into the internet of today. In 1984 the number of internet hosts broke 1000, 10,000 in 1987, and it broke 100,000 in 1989. Today there are millions. The new and improved mailing system is introduced, we know it as e-mail. IBM, Apple, Mackintosh were making upgrades on their systems monthly, making them faster and modernizing them slightly. Microsoft was a big factor in upgrading the computer system. In 1983 they introduced Windows, the most commonly used program today. Microsoft also introduces Dos 3.0

Project Management Plan Employee Essay

Attracting skilled employees is often important and often difficult. Employers face major challenges when they consider the increasing difficulty of finding skilled people every company should have an employee incentive program if it is sales and especially for university enrollment advisors because they are the ones that bring business into the university. The project scope of Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 strict accreditation regulations and laws prevent the university from offering bonuses to employees who enroll students. The work breakdown structure for the employee incentive program consists of activities/attributes, milestones stakeholders, stakeholders needs, tools and techniques. Activities/attributes Create a list of creative ideas Have employees take a survey once a year Boost employee morale and set a goal for employees Provide a positive working environment Retain employees Diversity of activities Develop skills and potential Employees need to be more invo lved and engaged Communication to employees Milestones Approval of incentive program Incentives must follow rules/regulations Responsibilities Personal growth Stakeholders University, Student, Employees Rewards are financial and non-financial Submit ideas to stakeholders because then they will know what works best Recognize and reward employees Days off Company outings Paid vacations Stakeholders needs University needs money Employees need incentives rewards, appreciation Students need education Tools Techniques Direct approach networking Employees plus number of students who enroll Merit Increase Salary increase is based on the number of students the employee enrolls Use of an organizational chart to understand roles responsibilities Tell your employees how well they are doing Employee parking for the month The employer and the employee have to have a balanced practical reward strategic model to improve business results and align employees behavior. The employer should have organization capabilities, business strategy and organization structure that leads to an employment deal for competencies, demographics, and values. With that employment deal it leads to a total reward strategy with pay, benefit, learning and development, and a good work environment. The basic salaries of the project team members will not be changed. However, special compensation will be given for their overtime and travels related to the project. After the  project is completed, all team members will be evaluated and those who will receive satisfactory and very satisfactory performance appraisal result will be given financial rewards. The total reward policy should state that although contingent rewards play an important part in the reward policies of the organization other forms of non-financial reward are regarded as being equally important. The reward system is an important means of communication. The effective reward strategy consists of well-defined g oals and objectives, well designed pay and rewards programs according to the needs and an effective and supportive human resources department. The performance related pay can be based off score driven bonus, customer satisfaction surveys, shareholder returns profitability versus target, process excellence, learn and grow. These rewards can bring in some conflict with employees if some or one employee does not get any customer satisfaction surveys, absence of learning and development, lack of customer service awards, lack of relationship between pay and performance, pay levels and benefits entitlement strongly related to the length of service, and lack of variable of portion of pay. This is something that will have to be explained to all employees from the first day of hire. The considerations for rewards are the level of rewards, the relative importance attached to market rates and equity, attraction and retention, the relationships of rewards to business performance, and total reward policy, the scope for the use of contingent rewards related to performance, competence, contribution or skills, assimilation policies, the de gree of flexibility required, the role of line managers, involve employees in the design of reward system, communicate the reward policies to employees, transparency. Market rate and equity policy needs to be formulated on the extent to which rewards are market driven rather than equitable. Should obtain and keep high quality staff and response to market pressures. Market considerations will derive levels of pay in the organization. Attraction policies should have career prospects, training and development, intrinsic interest of the work, flexible working arrangements, and work life balance. Retention policies should consist of Talent management (attraction and retention of quality employees). Talent management policies are to attract employees, to develop employees, rretain employees, and mmotivate employees. Talent management process is wwork life balance, lleadership qualities of line managers,  recognition, cconducting talent audits. Assimilation policies is how existing employees should be assimilated into revised pay structure such as red circling (identifying and dealing with overpaid people) and Green circling (identifying and dealing wi th underpaid people). The three performance measurement practices to be compared in this presentation are written, confidential evaluation non-confidential evaluation, and oral evaluation. Written, confidential evaluation can be conducted by a project manager. Since it is confidential, the results are not shown to the employee being evaluated. The use of confidential forms is not preferred because it may be contrary to government regulations and it does not provide the necessary feedback for an employee to improve (Kerzner, 2013). Non-confidential evaluation is preferred by project managers and functional managers because the results can be seen by the employees allowing them to have feedback to improve. However, it could also be difficult for the project managers when the employee is assigned to the same project after the evaluation. It could create biased results because the PM might avoid a bad working relationship with the employee or that he or she does not want to be blamed for the employees below-average merit for pay increase. Oral evaluation is also one of the commonly used performance measurement practices. It is commonly used but not preferred by project managers and functional managers because of the lack of documentation which is necessary for monitoring employee progress. It could also result to lack of feedback for employee to improve. Human resources (HR) staff often struggles to obtain the resources they need to effectively manage people in the workplace. HR staff is spending more time recruiting, hiring and training replacements. The HR plan is that the policy applies to all staff. Reward policies provide guidelines for the implementation of reward strategies and the design and management of reward process. HR Plan – Employee Recognition Award – Criteria for the award should be determined in consultation with the HR Office. Discretionary Bonus – A division/department should consult with the HR office and obtain the necessary approvals Incentive – Payments predefined in an approved plan document should be confirmed by the Plan Administrator and HR office. Tax treatment of bonus payment – Employee recognition awards may be grossed up to cover taxes if the documented award plan provisions indicate that such  payme nt will be grossed up Reason for policy This policy provides managers and supervisors with guidelines and procedures for bonus and incentive pays. Procedures Approvals are needed for individual payments Sanctions Managers, supervisors and employees who violate this policy are subject to disciplinary action, up to and including termination. A company who truly invests in their employers by analyzing the all benefits that each function of HR provides to its business, a company can identify assets, in the form of employee support systems that most efficiently increase the value that high-potential employees provide to the university. Companies who increase employee productivity and contributions to their organizations will have a great outcome at their university. Resources Kerzner, PhD., H. (2013). Project Management A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling (11th Ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey John Wiley Son, Inc. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Fifth Edition by Project Management Institute.

Use of RFID technologies for identification, tracking Term Paper

Use of RFID technologies for identification, tracking - Term Paper Example There are advanced technologies associated with this method of keeping watch applied by the US while in the battle field. Evidences in support of this are the depth and range of research on this topic carried out by various scholars and interested parties. Their recent operations and raids have utilized space surveillance as a method of staying alert in the battle field. Technology and military theory, as well as the manner, in which it is applied during war and the impact of the aforementioned on the society, will be looked into keenly with the analysis of the works of various researchers on the topic. Another aspect will be that of information warfare. There are other researches on related topics, which support this view from different angles but with similar findings as will be realized subsequently. Revolution in military affairs has put technology in the right perspective when it comes to battlefield awareness. The US military as history has it, made heavy investments on military technology with space craft's as a priority . Use of devices that collect data before putting up a plan of attack while at war takes center stage in the US military operation layout. The socioeconomic paradigm of each era in the US reflects on the investments made in ensuring victory over the wars. In so doing, poor return on technological investments scales escalate. Errors in judgments are associated with such technologies resulting to retarded economic progress. ... Introduction Many organizations are fast adopting the use of RFID systems for easy tracking of counterfeit goods and all sorts of other criminal activities that people might engage in to the detriment of a company. Despite the growing popularity of the technology, the opposition has slammed RFID for its potential threats to privacy of individuals. It is imperative to acknowledge the opposition could be right since every person has a constitutional right to their own privacy. The deployment of RFID systems in the contemporary society is widespread. Philips Semiconductors that manufactures RFID chips has sold more than a billon chips across the world [9]. This may mean that many companies across the world have already installed RFID into their surveillance and tracking systems. Industrialized countries have adopted the technology more than in any other parts of the world [9]. While people may think that RFID systems are some of the latest technology breakthroughs in tracking systems, R FID have been in existent since the World War II. They were used in the war to detect Friend or Foe systems in military aircrafts [9]. In the contemporary world, there are several applications of the RFID systems including; automobile immobilization, inventory management, payments systems, tracking of animals, and in automated traffic toll collection. These widespread applications of RFID have improved efficiencies in accomplishing tasks for companies but on the other hand, have invigorated the debates on their infringement on people’s privacy. How RFID Works RFID tag has two components that aid in its collection, processing and transmission of information. Its part that is integrated into

Market Data and Pay Grades and their Structures Essay

Market Data and Pay Grades and their Structures - Essay Example The desserts and pastries offered include pies, cakes, donuts, cupcakes, and many other treats. To differentiate our service, we offer personalization to include names, phrases, or exact matched colors. With this service, we are providing high quality personalized sweets and treats to our customers. Compensation Needs Direct compensation will be based on education and experience for each position. Thus, each position will receive different levels of direct compensation based on their job description. Directors, supervisors, and the human resources department will all be salary based. For indirect compensation, each will be offered medical, dental, and vision insurance and a 401k retirement plan. Other indirect compensation will include holidays, vacation, sick, and paid time off. To ensure employee morale remains high, merit pay increases offered based on work performance and incentives offered based on company performance. HR Mission Simple Sweet Six Corporation is dedicated to the provision of the highest quality of services to its clients while treating each person with value, friendliness, company pride, and a sense of warmth. To our employees: SSS is committed to providing its staff with equal opportunities for learning and personal growth in a working environment that is stable and favorable to all. We will provide quality services and support in employment, training and development, employee relations, benefits, compensation, and safety to all employees. This will help to better serve our clients. Lastly, the firm will treat each employee with respect, equity, and value within the organization. Job Profiles and Market Data and Analysis Human Resource Manager The human resource manager in Simply Sweet Six is responsible for managing the most important resources of the organization. The manager provides consistent, proactive and practical assistance to employees in addition to provision of advice and direction. The manager reports to the director while his /her services are to all managers in other departments on HR policies within the firm. Due to the requirements of the position, the HR manager is responsible for hiring and recruitment of employees in the organization. He/she also organizes employee training and designs a compensation systems for employees together with other management team members of the company. The employees’ database is developed and maintained by the HR manager. Specific responsibilities of the manager are as outlined in the next section. To define the strategy for learning and recruitment of employees in the organization, set high measures, principles, and provision of solution to HR issues facing the firm. Throughout his/her duties, the HR manager will provide pragmatic and consistent guidance to employees and giving them advices on resolution of conflicts, attendance and issues related to employee performance. The HR manger should identify practical solutions to practical and complex issues related t o the management of human resources to the management of the SSS. The HR manager will compile and manage HR documentation for use by other managers. Moreover, he/she would brief other managers on HR policies adopted by the organization especially in relation to establishment of a winning team to solve complex issues within the firm. The HR manager liaises with the recruitment team in the organization in order to harmonize compensation issues related to each job category. In addition, he/she prepares the payroll data for

What has been the best period in your life and why Essay

What has been the best period in your life and why - Essay Example Their presence makes me feel important and there is a natural attachment between me and my children. The period of their upbringing was difficult but the emotions that arose within me when they started talking and walking seem to be unforgettable. There were times when I had to give up my sleep and luxuries to make them happy and to give them time but I did not regret it. I realized that fatherhood was a position of giving without any hope of rewards. Their happiness instilled emotions of happiness within me and when they cried I tried to do everything possible to make them happy. Thus, it was a feeling and a relationship that was different from all other relations. The time of their upbringing has always been important for me and this period of fathering the two most beautiful children of the world has been the most important and unforgettable period of my life. This is owing to the strong natural bond that exists in the relation of a father and his

Tesla in Turkey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Tesla in Turkey - Essay Example The automotive industry is very important after the construction and tourism sectors (Saee 194). This industry creates the country’s highest multiplier. Furthermore, the industry intertwines with other industries such as marketing, fuel, finance, service and insurance. Any changes in the automotive industry are important to the country’s economy. The best approach for Tesla Motors in this country is to cooperate in the production and marketing fields. This increases the company’s capacity in the country’s automotive industry. The company enjoys more economic competition, innovations and investments for new models. In short, the automotive industry in Turkey is lucrative and with the right market entry strategies, Tesla Motors will enjoy significant profits. From a political and legal perspective, the country has liberalization (Nas & Mehmet 41). Turkey is a key supporter of liberal trade and investment policies that permit trade with countries in the Europ ean Union. The custom union of 1996 allowed Turkish firms to expand and become more successful internationally (Altug & Alpay 25). Turkish exports have continuously increased by 10% on an annual basis showing the trading potential of the country. The country charges sales tax, inclusive of VAT and exclusive consumer tax, on all motor vehicles. These taxes are higher compared to those other developed countries. The sales tax comprise of almost 19.2 percent to 117.1 percent. The country’s legislation on motor vehicle changes rapidly depending on changes in technology.

Communication discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Communication discussion - Assignment Example From that point you can be able to customize the way you address him/her. With time get the knowledge and experience on how different people like to be handled so as to create an environment where they feel welcome and hence they can be able to open up. According to Hood, (2013), the biggest barrier to communication is lack of humility. While addressing people of different ages, have empathy and show them that you know exactly how it is to be in their position. The people who are advanced in age are the most tough to deal with as they require a high sense of respect (Sullivan, 2013). Give it to them. Dealing with people of different gender can also be confusing. For instance, a certain patient may not be ready to open up to a nurse of the opposite gender and this may require introducing him/her to another nurse if they are totally uncooperative. Having the knowledge on how to address people is important as seen in the essay. This can determine the difference between a competent nurse and the rest (Bednarz, Stephanie, & Doorenbos, 2010). It is therefore important to observe the points